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Few
artists have left as many monuments on the American landscape as
sculptor William Mozart McVey (1904-1995). His nine-foot bronze
Winston Churchill (1966) greets visitors to the British Embassy
in Washington, D.C. Not far away, six statues sculpted by McVey
between 1967 and 1974 can be found in the porch and crypt of the
National Cathedral. His memorials to Davey Crockett, Jim Bowie,
and the heroes of the Alamo were the centerpieces of Texas's centennial
in 1936. His stone and cast bronze animals that reside in many of
the nation's zoos are as beloved as any of the caged ones.
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But
it was in Northeast Ohio that McVey left the greatest body
of his work. Among his 48 pieces of public sculpture: the
16-foot Long Road aluminum wall relief (1962) at Cleveland's
Jewish Community Center; Man Helping Man (1974), on
which the sculptor is working in the photograph above and
which became the logo of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation;
the seven-foot bronze Jesse Owens (1982) on Lakeside
Avenue in Cleveland; and the bronze monument to his own wire-haired
terrier, McDog (1985), at the Cleveland Botanical
Garden.
McVey,
who was born in Boston, moved to Cleveland as a teenager and
graduated from Shaw High School in 1922. He enrolled at the
Cleveland School of Art (which later became the Cleveland
Institute of Art), but soon seized another opportunity that
took advantage of his athletic, six-foot-4-inch frame. He
played football for Rice University's Coach John Heisman,
on a full scholarship. After three years (and several nose
realignments), he returned to Cleveland to complete his degree.
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Awakening
1934
Georgia marble on concrete base
Statue: 6'6" x 3'6" x 3'4"
Base: 6'6" x 5' x 5
Cleveland Botanical Garden (orig. Donald Gray Gardens), Cleveland,
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George
Washington as a Young Surveyor
1972
Bronze on New Hampshire granite base
Statue: 10' x 3'4" x 3'4"
Base: 4'2" x 6'1" x 4'11"
Federal; Building, Cleveland, Ohio |
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He
went next to Paris for three years to study sculpture, learning
from such luminaries as Charles Despiau, who had worked with
Rodin. Although he was exposed to modernism in the City of
Light, McVey preferred a more natural style for his own work.
Early McVey sculpture tended to be honest, expressive, and
simple, inspired by primitive art. A skilled illustrator,
he soon mastered representational sculpture. Later, he would
embrace modern styles, as well as the humor that would characterize
much of his work.
While
in Paris, he supported himself by guiding Americans through
the Louvre, a task made simple because, as he later recounted,
Yanks' interest generally waned after seeing the Venus
de Milo, Winged Victory, and Mona Lisa.
When
he returned to Cleveland in 1932, he received a WPA commission
to create a sculpture for the new Museum of Natural History.
From a six-ton block of limestone emerged a four-ton grizzly
bear, affectionately known as Bruno, who has survived
more than seven decades of children's affection. It was also
in 1932 that McVey married potter Leza Marie Sullivan and
landed his first teaching
job, at the Cleveland Museum of Art.
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From
1935 through 1953, McVey taught at the University of Texas
and at Michigan's Cranbrook Academy of Art. He interrupted
his art career for four years during World War II to train
combat troops in plane and ship identification. He returned
to Cleveland in 1953, this time, for good.
His
achievements in sculpture were surpassed only by his achievements
as a teacher at the Cleveland Institute of Art. Many artists
call him their spiritual father, including John Clague, who
as a fourth-year painting student signed up for McVey's sculpture
course in the fall of 1953. During the first class, McVey
articulated his definition of the scope and limitations of
sculpture, Clague recalls. It was a definition broader,
richer, and more expansive than anything I had ever heard
before.
McVey next spoke of art as the reflection of the nature of
the artist's character, simultaneously defining the
grandest possibilities of sculpture as art form, and the grandest
possibilities of sculptor as human being. By the time
Clague finished the course, he had changed his major to sculpture.
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Winston
Churchill
1966
Bronze on granite base
Height of statue: 9'
British Embassy, Washington, D.C. |
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McDog
1985
Bronze on granite base
Statue: 3'3" x 1'5" x 2'4"
Base: 3'
Cleveland Botanical Garden, Cleveland, Ohio
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McVey,
as professor and artist, aimed for accessibility. His goal,
he said, was the presentation of the sculptural idea in
a form acceptable and meaningful to the intelligent layman,
without sacrificing quality. He succeeded on both counts.
The
Cleveland Museum of Art began collecting his work in 1932.
He was represented in collections from the Smithsonian to
the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. He was invited into
the prestigious, 300-member National Academy of Design and
was a fellow of the National Sculpture Society.
For those who knew him, however, his greatest legacy was the
gift of laughter, which permeated every aspect of his life
and art. His Bauhaus-style studio/home in Pepper Pike was
yet another monument to this one-of-a-kind artist. Churchill's
bronze cigar sat in an ashtray; a terra cotta bird struggled
to hatch from a ceramic egg McVey had fashioned; and a handmade
sign over the door read: BE ALERT. WE NEED MORE LERTS.
text
by
Faye
Sholiton
Fall
2002
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Click
here to see more of McVey's work.
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